Stories and facts

Ghana celebrates Constitution Day annually on January 7 to commemorate the establishment of its Fourth Republic and the adoption of the 1992 Constitution.

This significant day marks the foundation of Ghana’s democratic governance and is observed following the presidential and parliamentary elections.

It also signals the beginning of a new parliament, as the outgoing parliament is officially dissolved at midnight on January 6 after every election year.

Historical Background

Constitution Day holds profound historical significance for Ghana. The Fourth Republic was established on January 7, 1993, following the adoption of the 1992 Constitution through a national referendum on April 28, 1992.

This came after a turbulent political history marked by three earlier constitutions rendered ineffective by military coups.

The 1992 Constitution symbolized a collective effort by Ghanaians to establish a stable democratic framework and maintain political continuity.

Constitution Day is thus celebrated to honour the resilience of the Fourth Republic and the enduring relevance of the 1992 Constitution in Ghana’s political evolution.

Statutory Recognition

Constitution Day is observed as a statutory holiday in Ghana, reaffirming its importance in the national calendar. It was officially designated as a public holiday under the Public Holidays Act of 2001, Section 2 (Act 601).

The holiday was first celebrated on January 7, 2019, as part of a broader effort to highlight Ghana’s democratic progress and to encourage reflection on the values enshrined in the Constitution.

This annual observance provides an opportunity for Ghanaians to reflect on the importance of constitutional rule, the preservation of democratic governance, and the role of every citizen in upholding the principles of the 1992 Constitution.